As an arborist, pruning is the most frequent task we conduct. Each pruning cut made determines the future of the tree. Each tree requires different pruning applications. As urban arborists, we are constantly balancing both the tree’s needs as well as our clients.
Why prune?
There are many reasons why a tree needs to be pruned. In an urban area, the number one reason is to insure the tree poses no risk to the public. Another is elevating the height of the canopy around roads and sidewalks for vehicles and pedestrians. Reducing the canopy to provide a certain clearance from a building or other structure. Reducing a branch(es) will also relieve tip weight, reducing the chance of limb failure. Of course there is pruning to acquire a certain look. This is seen primarily in hedging.
Common pruning practices
Reduction cuts is one of the most common pruning practices. Reduction cuts are used to shorten the length of a stem, cutting it back to a lateral branch. Reduction cuts are also used to relieve weight off an elongated limb. Deadwooding or dead branch removal is another. Deadwood poses a high risk and is usually easily spotted by even the untrained eye. Thinning is helpful in trees with thick canopies in windy, open areas. Thinning allows more airflow through the canopy to reduce the chances of the tree to blow over. It will also allow for more sunlight to penetrate through the canopy. Finally, there are elevation cuts. Elevating the canopy allows a desired clearance from the ground up.
When to prune
Realistically, a tree or shrubs can be pruned anytime of the year. Though the type of tree and/or the condition of the tree might determine if there is a better time to prune. Example being, if a tree is undergoing an insect infestation, pruning in the winter when the pest is dormant would reduce the chances of further infestation and decline. There will always be a better time to prune a certain tree or shrub. Timing all depends on the type and condition of the plant. Pruning in high heat should be avoided, especially with hedging and small ornamental trees and shrubs.
In conclusion, when considering pruning your tree or shrub, it is best to consult with an experienced arborist so they may determine what you and your tree’s needs are.